The Dutch architect and designer J. J. P. Oud (1890–1963) attended the school of decorative arts in Amsterdam from 1904 to 1907. After his diploma he worked in the office of the architects Cuypers and Stuyt. Oud met Hendrik Petrus Berlage, who later introduced him to the work of Frank Lloyd Wright. In 1917 he was one of the co-founders of the De Stijl movement, along with Theo van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian. In 1918, through Berlage's mediation, Oud was appointed Rotterdam City Architect and held this position until 1933. In 1920 he founded the group "Opbouw". One year later he met Walter Gropius and László Moholy-Nagy in Weimar. Shortly afterwards, he broke with van Doesburg and De Stijl. In 1923, Oud participated in the Bauhaus Week and the International Architecture Exhibition. In 1926, he published his seminal work "Dutch Architecture" as volume 10 of the Bauhausbücher series.
